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The ''Natya Shastra'' (Sanskrit: नाट्य शास्त्र, ''Nāṭyaśāstra'') is an ancient Indian treatise on the performing arts, encompassing theatre, dance and music. It was written during the period between 200 BCE and 200 CE in classical India and is traditionally attributed to the Sage Bharata. The ''Natya Shastra'' is incredibly wide in its scope. While it primarily deals with stagecraft, it has come to influence music, classical Indian dance, and literature as well. It covers stage design, music, dance, makeup, and virtually every other aspect of stagecraft. It is very important to the history of Indian classical music because it is the only text which gives such detail about the music and instruments of the period. Thus, an argument can be made that the ''Natya Shastra'' is the foundation of the fine arts in India. The most authoritative commentary on the ''Natya Shastra'' is ''Abhinavabharati'' by Abhinavagupta. ==Date and authorship== The text, which now contains 6000 slokas, is attributed to the ''muni'' (sage) Bharata and is believed to have been written during the period between 200 BCE and 200 CE. The ''Natya Shastra'' is based upon the much older Gandharva Veda (appendix to Sama Veda) which contained 36000 slokas. Unfortunately there are no surviving copies of the ''Natya Veda''. Though many scholars believe most slokas were transmitted only through the oral tradition, there are scholars who believe that it may have been written by various authors at different times. The document is difficult to date and Bharata's historicity has also been doubted, some authors suggesting that it may be the work of several people. However, Kapila Vatsyayan has argued〔 that based on the unity of the text, and the many instances of coherent reference of later chapters from earlier text, the composition is likely that of a single person. Whether his/her name really was ''Bharata'' is open to question:〔 p.6〕 near the end of the text we have the verse: "''Since he alone is the leader of the performance, taking on many roles, he is called Bharata''",〔 See introduction p. xxvi for discussion of dates〕 indicating that Bharata may be a generic name. It has been suggested that ''Bharata'' is an acronym for the three syllables: ''bha'' for ''bhāva'' (mood), ''rā'' for ''rāga'' (melodic framework), and ''ta'' for ''tāla'' (rhythm). However, in traditional usage Bharata has been iconified as ''muni'' or sage, and the work is strongly associated with this personage. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Natya Shastra」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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